{"id":3019,"date":"2024-06-01T15:02:32","date_gmt":"2024-06-01T15:02:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/machining-quote.com\/?p=3019"},"modified":"2024-06-03T02:22:16","modified_gmt":"2024-06-03T02:22:16","slug":"heat-treatment-steel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/machining-quote.com\/el\/bolg\/heat-treatment-steel\/","title":{"rendered":"10 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4>\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd<\/h4>\n<ul>\n    <li><a href=\"#annealing\">\u0391\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><a href=\"#normalizing\">\u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><a href=\"#hardening\">\u03a3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><a href=\"#tempering\">\u03a3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><a href=\"#martempering\">Martempering<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><a href=\"#austempering\">Austempering<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><a href=\"#stress-relieving\">\u0391\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><a href=\"#case-hardening\">\u03a3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><a href=\"#nitriding\">\u039d\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><a href=\"#carbonitriding\">\u0395\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Steel is a fundamental material in various engineering and manufacturing processes, known for its versatility, strength, and durability. However, the properties of steel can be significantly enhanced through various heat treatment methods. At <a href=\"https:\/\/machining-quote.com\/el\/\">\u0391\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/a> China, we understand the importance of getting these processes right to ensure optimal performance for your projects. In this article, we&#8217;ll explore ten essential heat treatment techniques that every engineer in the manufacturing and mechanical industries should be familiar with.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"basics-of-heat-treatment\">\u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/h2>\n<p>\u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1. \u0397 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c8\u03cd\u03be\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0394\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul>\n    <li>\u0392\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2<\/li>\n    <li>\u0395\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac<\/li>\n    <li>\u0391\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7<\/li>\n    <li>\u039c\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>\u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0395\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/h3>\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1, \u03bf \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2:<\/p>\n<ul>\n    <li>\u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/li>\n    <li>\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2<\/li>\n    <li>\u03a1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c8\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c2<\/li>\n    <li>\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 id=\"annealing\">1. \u0391\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/h2>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c8\u03cd\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1, \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 Machining Quote China, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul>\n    <li>\u0392\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/li>\n    <li>\u0395\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bf\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/li>\n    <li>\u039c\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ol>\n    <li>\u0398\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/li>\n    <li>\u039a\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf<\/li>\n    <li>\u03a8\u03cd\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h2 id=\"normalizing\">2. \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/h2>\n<p>\u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c8\u03cd\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1. \u039f \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03ba\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03ce \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u03a0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul>\n    <li>\u0395\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03cc\u03ba\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd<\/li>\n    <li>\u03a0\u03b9\u03bf \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>\u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03cc\u03ba\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u0392\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul>\n    <li>\u0398\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7<\/li>\n    <li>\u03a8\u03cd\u03be\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 id=\"hardening\">3. \u03a3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7<\/h2>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c8\u03cd\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c3\u03b2\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1. \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf, \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u039c\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b2\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul>\n    <li>\u03a3\u03b2\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/li>\n    <li>\u03a3\u03b2\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc<\/li>\n    <li>\u03a3\u03b2\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ol>\n    <li>\u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/li>\n    <li>\u03a3\u03b2\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9, \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03ae \u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1<\/li>\n    <li>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h2 id=\"tempering\">4. \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/h2>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c6\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u03a3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ol>\n    <li>\u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/li>\n    <li>\u03a8\u03cd\u03be\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h3>\u03a0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd<\/h3>\n<ul>\n    <li>\u039c\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/li>\n    <li>\u0392\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/li>\n    <li>\u0391\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 id=\"martempering\">5. Martempering<\/h2>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf Martempering, \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 marquenching, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b2\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03af\u03c4\u03b7, \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03b7 \u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c8\u03cd\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c1\u03c9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 Martempering<\/h3>\n<ul>\n    <li>\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03b2\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/li>\n    <li>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03af\u03c4\u03b7<\/li>\n    <li>\u0391\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c8\u03c5\u03be\u03b7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>Martempering vs. Traditional Quenching<\/h3>\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03b2\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf martempering \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c8\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"austempering\">6. Austempering<\/h2>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03c4\u03b7. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b2\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u03a0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Austempering<\/h3>\n<ul>\n    <li>\u0391\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/li>\n    <li>\u039c\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 Austmpering<\/h3>\n<ol>\n    <li>\u0398\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd<\/li>\n    <li>\u03a3\u03b2\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf<\/li>\n    <li>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h2 id=\"stress-relieving\">7. \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2<\/h2>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c8\u03cd\u03be\u03b7. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c3\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul>\n    <li>\u039c\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/li>\n    <li>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>\u039a\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2<\/h3>\n<p>\u03a4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b6\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c6\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u039c\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"case-hardening\">8. Case Hardening<\/h2>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc. \u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bd\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae \u03bd\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n<table border=\"1\">\n    <tr>\n        <th>\u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2<\/th>\n        <th>\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae<\/th>\n    <\/tr>\n    <tr>\n        <td>\u0395\u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/td>\n        <td>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1<\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n    <tr>\n        <td>\u039d\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/td>\n        <td>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b1\u03b6\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1<\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n    <tr>\n        <td>\u0395\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/td>\n        <td>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b6\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5<\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n<\/table>\n\n<h3>\u03a0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf Case Hardening<\/h3>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bf \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b6\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"nitriding\">9. \u0395\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03ce\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/h2>\n<p>\u0397 \u03bd\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03b6\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1. \u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b2\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf Nitriding<\/h3>\n<ul>\n    <li>\u03a5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac<\/li>\n    <li>\u0392\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/li>\n    <li>\u03a7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>\u0395\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u039d\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2<\/h3>\n<p>\u0397 \u03bd\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b2\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd. \u0397 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b6\u03c9\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"carbonitriding\">10. \u0391\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/h2>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b6\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul>\n    <li>\u0395\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/li>\n    <li>\u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03b6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf<\/li>\n    <li>\u03a3\u03b2\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>\u03a0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n<ul>\n    <li>\u0391\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2<\/li>\n    <li>\u0392\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/li>\n    <li>\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2>\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7<\/h2>\n<p>\u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd Machining Quote China, \u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd 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\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 www.machining-quote.com.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Table of Contents Annealing Normalizing Hardening Tempering Martempering Austempering Stress Relieving Case Hardening Nitriding Carbonitriding Steel is a fundamental material in various engineering and manufacturing processes, known for its versatility, strength, and durability. However, the properties of steel can be significantly enhanced through various heat treatment methods. At Machining Quote China, we understand the importance [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3072,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":"","content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3019","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-surface-finishing"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/machining-quote.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3019","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/machining-quote.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/machining-quote.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/machining-quote.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/machining-quote.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3019"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/machining-quote.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3019\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3021,"href":"https:\/\/machining-quote.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3019\/revisions\/3021"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/machining-quote.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3072"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/machining-quote.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3019"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/machining-quote.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3019"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/machining-quote.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3019"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}